直接引语变为间接引语讲练


来源:高中英语教学交流
发布时间:2012-10-22 21:51:00
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内容提要:当直接引语为陈述句时,变为间接引语时,其变法较易掌握,在此不再赘述。

英语中的直接引语变为间接引语时,根据实际情况的不同会发生不同程度的变化:句式变化、主句动词变化、从句人称变化、从句时态变化以及时间(地点)状语等变化。本文将主要谈谈句式的变化,其中将涉及语序的变化。

当直接引语为陈述句时,变为间接引语时,其变法较易掌握,在此不再赘述。以下将为同学们讲解将直接引语为疑问句、祈使句及感叹句的句子变为间接引语时需注意的事项。

1. 直接引语是疑问句

1 一般疑问句或选择疑问句变为间接引语时,变为whetherif引导的宾语从句。如:

 Are you ready? the teacher asked the students.The teacher asked the students whether / if they were ready.

Tom asked me, Do you like tea or coffee? Tom asked me whether I liked tea or coffee.

若直接引语是否定的一般疑问句时,变为间接引语时常用whether... or not结构。 如:

 Don't you know Tom is waiting for you? she asked me. She asked me whether I knew Tom was waiting for me or not.

2 反意疑问句变为间接引语时,可以用ifwhether引导,但原来的问句部分不再存在。如:

 We have met somewhere before, haven't we? she asked. She asked me if / whether we had met somewhere before.

3 特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,仍用原特殊疑问词来引导宾语从句。如:

 What are you doing? he asked me. He asked me what I was doing.

4 表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语时常用“ask / advise / tell + sb. + to do”结构。如:

 Would you mind opening the window? he said.He asked me to open the window.

2. 直接引语是祈使句

1 表示要求、命令等含义的祈使句变为间接引语时,通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式,形成“ask / tell / order / warn + sb. to do”结构。如:

She said to her husband, Don't smoke in the hall.”→She told / asked her husband not to smoke in the hall.

2 表示劝告、建议等意义的祈使句变为间接引语时,常用“suggest / say + that从句”或“suggest / advise + doing”结构。如:

 Let's have a rest, Jack said.Jack suggested having a rest.

3. 直接引语是感叹句

whathow引导的感叹句变为间接引语时,可用whathow引导,也可以用that引导。如:

 What a lovely day it is! he said.He said what a lovely day it was.He said that it was a lovely day.

Exercise

变下列直接引语为间接引语。

1. “Will you wait for them or go on?” he asked me.

________________________________________

2. “Tom didn't like sports, did he?” she asked.

________________________________________

3. “Why are you late again?” he asked me.

________________________________________

4. “Will you please send Mary home?” I asked Tom.

________________________________________

5. “Stand in the corner,” she said to Peter.

________________________________________

6. “Let's have a game of chess,” he said.

________________________________________

7. “How clever a girl Mary is!” he said.

________________________________________

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