2017高考英语备考：语法分类归纳、练习与分析

一. Tenses and voices 时态与语态

A. 现在完成时: 1）表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。往往含有“已经……”, “已经……了”的意思。

Eg. Don’t think any more about it. I have decided not to help you.

I have experienced that before, so I know how to deal with it.

2） 到目前为止已发生的。与so far, up till now, in the past/ last …….days/ years, today, this month/ year 等 “包括现在在内的时间状语”连用。

My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films so far.

Great changes have taken place in this area in the recent years.

3）表示过去开始的动作或状态延续到现在。与for…/ since 连用。

He has worked in the south for ten years/ since ten years ago.

Compare（1）:完成进行时表示过去开始的动作一直在进行，直至现在。

He has been working on this project since last month.

（2） 过去时态:指发生在过去某段时间内的事。

He once worked in the south for ten years （现在不在南方）

（3） 过去完成时态:指发生在过去某个时间以前的动作或状态。常与by/ by the end of..（到了……的时候”连用。例如：

1）By the time we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets.

2）How many words had you leaned by the end of last year?

1.It is reported that the president once______in the Viet Nam’s war for three years from 1966-1970.

        A. served                B. had served             C. has served             D. was serving

2.---No one answered when I called at 6yesterday.

---I ________to rock music and was absorbed in it.

        A. listened              B. was listening         C. has listened           D. had listened

3.I wasn’t paying attention to what he was talking about,so I am afraid I ___his speech very well.

        A. had not understood                                B. has not understood    

        C. did not understand                                 D. don’t understand

4.I _____good at table tennis,but I haven’t played it for ages.

        A. am                      B. was                        C. has been                D. used to be

5.I _________where she gets her money all these days.

        A. am often wondering                              B. often wondered    

        C. had often wondered                               D. have often wondered

6.---Tell me what _______while I was absent.

---A thief tried to break into the house when I _______in your house.

        A. happened/stayed                                    B. was happening/was staying

        C. happened/was staying                           D. was happening/stayed

7.---You are always watching TV.

---Only on Sundays.And nobody ______it but you.

        A. knows                 B. has known             C. knew                     D. is knowing

8.When the old man ______to walk back to his house ,the sun _____itself behind the mountain.

        A. started ;had already hidden                   B. had started ;had already hidden

        C. had started ;was hiding                         D. was starting;hid

9.Years ago we didn't know this,but recent science ______that people who don't sleep well soon get ill.                     

        A. showed               B. has shown             C. will show              D. is showing

10.It ______for weeks before the first cold wave struck the area.

        A. rained                 B. was raining           C. has rained           D. had been raining

Keys:1）a 2）b. 3）c 4）a 5） 过去到现在d 6） c 7）a（经常性） 8）a 9） b 与现在有联系 10）d