2018年高考英语全国卷长难句分析

2018年高考英语全国卷1,2长难句分析
1 (全国卷1阅读B)
(原文) And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
(译文) 这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备膳食。
(分析) 这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what she's learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11是-ing形式做伴随状语。

2 (全国卷1阅读C)
(原文) The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.
(译文) 一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。
(分析) 这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。同时while在句中做并列连词，意为“然而”，表示对比。

3 (全国卷1七选五)
(原文) A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in.
(译文) 懂得这样处理自己居所的颜色选择是营造你喜爱房间的关键步骤之一。
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。you’ll love to live in修饰先行词rooms, 省略了关系代词that/which。steps后的to 是介词，所以跟-ing形式creating。

4 (全国卷1完形填空)
(原文) In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and ,eventually, to our lives.
(译文) 按照其他标准，要让这门课过关，我们必须写一篇论文，论述我们如何计划将所学的知识运用到将来的职业中，最终，运用到我们的生活中。
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to ...用作介词on的宾语从句，其中what we would learn in class to...又用作apply的宾语从句。In order to pass the class为动词不定式短语作目的状语，among other criteria为介词短语，作方式状语。

5 (全国卷1语法填空)
(原文) While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
(译文) 虽然定期跑步并不能让你长生不老，但该评论称，它比散步、骑车或游泳更能延长寿命。
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。While引导的是一个让步状语从句，这里相当于Although。the review says后面跟的是宾语从句，省略了连词that。

6 (全国卷2阅读A)
(原文) Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.
(译文) 周四，我们短途旅行去巴黎，游览巴黎迪斯尼乐园，晚些时候，我们观看游行和烟花。
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。where we will visit Disneyland Paris park是一个定语从句修饰先行词Paris；staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks是-ing形式做伴随状语。另外，本句的主句部分Thursday sees ...运用了拟人的修辞格。

7 (全国卷2阅读B)
(原文) When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.
(译文) 当冰冻香蕉和其他莓类或水果片混合时，就会成为制作浓郁冰凉果昔和低脂肪“冰淇淋”的不错的主要底料。
(分析) 这个句子的主干是 frozen bananas make an excellent base。When combined with berries or slices of other fruits是一个-ed形式用作时间状语。

8 (全国卷2阅读C)
(原文) According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
(译文) 根据这个报告的重要发现，“那些说他们从来或者几乎不以读书为乐趣的人的比例分别从1984年的13岁中的8%，17岁中的9%上升到了现在的22%和27%。”
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。句子主语是the proportion，谓语是has gone。who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun 是一个定语从句修饰先行词the proportion，say 后面跟了一个省略了that的宾语从句。

9 (全国卷2阅读C)
(原文)The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.
(译文) 报告中所分享的最令人鼓舞的数据是：在阅读方面，父母是孩子的榜样和重要的楷模。
(分析) 这是一个主从复合句。句子的主干是The most hopeful data shows clear evidence。shared in the report是-ed形式用作定语修饰data。when it comes to reading是一个时间状语从句。

10 (全国卷2阅读D)
(原文) Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.
(译文) 认为闲谈不重要而不予考虑很容易，但是我们不要忘记，如果没有随意的的聊天，就不会有深入的人际关系。
(分析) 这是一个由but 连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句中Dismissing small talk as unimportant 是主语；第二个并列句中forget后跟了一个that引导的宾语从句，其中还含有一个if 引导的条件状语从句，这里是虚拟语气。

11 (全国卷2七选五)
(原文) Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.
(译文) 锻炼会让你更加神清气爽，更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。
(分析) handle后跟了一个whatever引导的宾语从句，并且在句中作主语。