短文改错试题的错误类型


来源:爱疯英语李春燕老师
发布时间:2016-05-26 15:27:00
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内容提要:高考短文改错主要从词法、句法、行文逻辑等三个角度设问,考查学生对语言知识的掌握和综合运用语言的能力。

(本文作者:佛山市第一中学 李春燕老师

高考短文改错主要从词法、句法、行文逻辑等三个角度设问,考查学生对语言知识的掌握和综合运用语言的能力。

一、从词法设问

检查考生对词汇的理解、记忆和辨别能力。在高考短文改错题中,这类改错题主要考查考生对单词、短语及固定搭配的理解、记忆和辨别能力。

1.多词或少词

1)介词

[1]Please help with me and give me some advice. 2015 课标)

解析:因help是及物动词,直接接宾语me,故with多余,应删除。

 [2]My soccer coach retired in last week. 2015 陕西)

解析:因last week前习惯上不用介词,故应删去in

 [3]...and wait your teacher to lead you outside. 2014 四川)

解析:因wait for sb. to do(等待某人做某事)是固定搭配,故wait后加for

2)冠词

[4]I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. 2015 浙江)

解析:因in a hurry是固定短语,所以在hurry前加a

 [5]...as a result, nobody knew truth. 2012 浙江)

解析:是特指,应在truth前加the

 [6]He was right there in the front of me. 2011 陕西)

解析:因in the front of意为……(内部)的前面in front of 意为……(外部)的前面他就在我前面肯定是我外部的前面,故删除其中的the

2.错词

1)介词误用

[7] Unfortunately,on the development industrialization, the environment has been polluted.  2015 课标)

解析:on应改为with,表示随着……”

2a, an, the混用

[8]...Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. 2014 辽宁)

解析:average 前的a应换成 an, average以元音音素开头。

3)名词单复数的误用

[9]...looking at some of the picture we had taken together. 2014 辽宁)

解析:picture 应改为pictures,因picture为可数名词,此处表示一些照片,故用其复数形式。

 [10] The teacher was angry because we had the same answers in the tests. 2013 四川)

解析:tests应改为test,因本句指的是这一次测试,不用复数形式。

 [11] It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 2011 课标)

解析:luggages应改为luggage,luggage为不可数名词,无复数。

4)词性的混用

此类错误主要集中在形容词与副词的混用,形容词与名词的混用和动词与名词的混用等。

[12] Dad and I were terrible worried. 2015 课标)

解析:修饰形容词worried应用副词,  故改terribleterribly

 [13]That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are. 2014 辽宁)

解析:作are的表语要用形容词,故改closelyclose

 [14]...but I know I’ll never fall sleep. 2013 浙江)

解析:作表语要用形容词,故改sleepasleep,事实上可将fall asleep(入睡)作为固定短语来记。

 [15]Unfortunate,I had an accident and hit another car... 2012 浙江)

解析:放句首作状语,修饰整个句子,要用副词,故改UnfortunateUnfortunately

 [16]He has ruined his healthy. 2013 辽宁)

解析:作宾语或者说在形容词性物主代词后要用名词,故把healthy改为health

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