2013年高考英语做题方法：阅读理解（满分必看）

【题型4】 词义猜测题：在阅读理解题中，一般允许有适当的生词出现，因此根据上下文的构成来判断其含义是解题的根本途径。

【典例1】 “Our parties are aimed for children 2 –10,”Anaclerio said,“ and they are very interactive and creative in thatthey built a sense of drama based on a subject.”

Q:What does the underlined word “interactive” mostly probably mean?

 A.Attractive                       B. Aboutencouragement of each other

 C. Forceful                        D. Interesting

【分析】B。 考查猜词意。文中interactive是由inter-（相互的）和形容词active（活动的）构成的，同时根据上下文的意思判断，盖茨的含义应是“互动的”，由此分析，B项是正确答案。

【点拨】根据构词法（转化，合成，派生）进行判断。

【题型解密】根据构词法（转化，合成，派生）进行判断。在英语中，有很多词可以在其前面加前缀或在其后面加后缀来构成另一个词。需要掌握相应的构词规则和灵活应用才能实现准确猜测词义。

【典例2】 New houses, large schools, modern factories,more horse and sheep---- everywhere we saw signs of prosperity.

Q:What does the underlined word “prosperity” mostly probably mean?

 A. Rapiddevelopment               B. Continuousconstruction

 C. Beautiful secenery               D. Strong movement

【分析】A。 考查猜词意。由文中的破折号前的内容可知，prosperity应是“繁荣”的意思，由此判断，A项是正确答案。

【点拨】上下文解释作出判断。

【题型解密】根据上下文解释作出判断。在英语中，有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义域或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。

【典例3】 In 1901, H, G. Wells, an English writer, wrotea book describing a trip to the moon. When the explores landed on the moon,they did cover that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressedtheir surprise  to the “moon people” theymet. In turn, the “moon people” expressed their surprise.“Why,” they asked,“are you traveling to power space when you don’t even use your inner space?”

H.G. Wellscould only imagine traveling to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did landon the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on themoon. However, the question that the “moon people” asked is still aninteresting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.

Q:What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

 A. Discoveringthe moon’s inner space               B.Using the earth’s inner space

 C. Meeting the“moon people again”                 D.Traveling to outer space

【分析】B。 考查猜词意。文中it指上句中的the question, 而the question又指上一段中“月球人”所提的问题，所以经过两次查找可确定答案为B。

【点拨】上下文的指代关系进行判断。

【题型解密】根据上下文的指代关系作出判断。文章中的代词it, that, he, 或him，them等可以只上文提到过的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词与其指代的对象像个较远；有时需要对前面提到过的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。