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2012届英语听说考试评分标准解读与高分策略


来源:网络转载 发布时间:2011-11-04 08:18:00 查看次数:

内容提要:广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院肖建芳博士针对2011年广东省普通高考英语听说考试考生答题情况作出评讲和分析,并提出高中英语听说教学与备考的具体建议。

         He got very anxious, so he called Uncle John’s next-door neighbor. Tom told her that he was worried about Uncle John and asked her to see what was wrong. A while later, the neighbor phoned Tom. She said nervously: “Tom, I’m sorry it took so long. Uncle John didn’t answer the door. So I used his back yard and I found him lying on the bathroom floor. I could not wake him up.” Tom called the doctor immediately and then rushed to Uncle John’s house. When he got there, the doctor had already arrived. The doctor said that he was just in time to save him.
I. Instructions考纲要求
      C节要求考生听一段约2分钟的独白,录音播放两遍。
     考生准备一分钟之后开始复述所听内容。要求考生尽可能使用自己的语言复述,且复述尽可能涵盖尽可能多的原文信息点。选取的独白其体裁主要以记叙文和议论文为主。
     重点是听力。                                                                                  
3.考试流程
  考生首先在视频中出现“梗概”和“关键词”;15秒之后,听一段大约2分钟无图像无字幕的独白,录音听两遍;考生准备一份钟后复述独白的大概内容。
4.高分策略
1)在听故事前,先阅读故事梗概和关键词,并据此发挥想象,预测故事内容。
2)边听边快速记录关键词,听故事时应听清楚并记录故事发生的时间、地点、起因、经过、结果。
3)若有标题,要听清楚标题,这对理解故事内容很重要,因为它对理解故事起着概括作用。
4)首尾句对理解全文起着关键作用,要特别注意 听。
5)个别词没听懂,别慌。只要听懂大意,抓住关键信息即可。
6)记叙文中常用one day, on this way. Soon, eventually等 表示时间顺序的连词或连接性的词语来叙述顺序的连词来叙述故事发展的先后或做某事的过程。
 
四、高一/高二英语老师如何帮助学生高考英语听说(PartA/B/C) 得高分?
广东省2011年普通高考“英语听说” 考试形式、
                            试卷结构和题型

题序
题型
题量
赋分
时间
A节
模仿朗读
1
20
30
B节
角色扮演
1
16
C节
故事复述
1
24
总计
3
60
30分钟

Skill 1:Dealing with rising tone
1. 英语中的升调一般用于: (5种)
a. 一般疑问句,如:
Do you come here a lot? ↗
Have you been to any foreign countries? ↗
b. 选择疑问句的前半部分,如:
Is she an English teacher ↗ or Chinese teacher? ↘
Are you here for the tickets ↗ or books? ↘
c. 若干相同类目的词语并列出现时,除最后一项外,如:
     I want low fat yogurt, ↗tuna salad,↗ chocolate cake ↗ and hamburger special.
      My ideal man must be handsome, ↗ generous, ↗ dependable ↗ and considerate.
d. 表示疑问的陈述句,如:
     You want a cup of coffee?
     You don’t work here?
e. 表现祝贺,同情,或热情时:如
     Congratulations!
     I’m sorry to hear that.
     Have a nice weekend.
2. 一般疑问句升调的训练要领:
    要练习好一般疑问句的升调,首先要学好单词的升调。因为一般疑问句的升调明显表现在句子的最后一个单词上,陡直的升音明显地落在最后一个单词的最后一至两个音上。
 
大多数中国学生使用升调时,会从单词的第一个音一直持续升到最后一个音,这样听起来极不自然。需要注意的是:升音并不是从单词的第一个音开始,只有单词的最后一到两个音时,突然很陡地升上去,请参照下面反映升调变化的曲线图,给单词正确升调:
    university        language         student   questions
    school             countries            disappointed
     American
Skill 2:Dealing with falling tone
1. 英语中的降调一般用于: (5种)
a. 特殊疑问句:
    What have all the flowers gone?
    What the hell did he do?
b. 感叹句:
    What a game!
    What depressing information!
c. 反义疑问句中,当说话人对自己所说的内容已经很确定,知识象征性地与对方确认一下时:
    We all live in a global village, aren’t we?
    A small world, isn’t it?
d. 选择疑问句的最后一个选项,如:
    Do you prefer hand-written letter ↗ or E-mail? ↘
    Does she raise rats ↗ or rabbits? ↘
e. 并列出现的若干相同类目词语的最后一项,如:
   I want a house with a dining room, ↗ two bedrooms, ↗a bath ↗and a basement. ↘
2. 特殊疑问句降调训练要领:
  特殊疑问句在通常情况下使用降调,但仅了解这一点是不够的。实际上,特殊疑问句的音调变化是有规律可循的,以下列句子为例:
         Where were you born?
         Which countries have you been to?
         Which university did you graduate?
         Why are you learning English?
   我们发现整个句子的语调如下曲线图:
起调时,特殊疑问句的音调较高,遇到助动词时弱读,并且将音调降下来,然后渐渐提高,一般在句子的最后一个单词重重地降下来。
Which university did you graduate?
Why are you learning English?
Skill 3:Dealing with pause
    讲英语或读英语时,尤其是遇到长句时,适当的停顿很重要。停顿并非随心所欲读累了就停,而要根据意群(句子中构成相对独立完整的意思的语言单位)来停。
         一般来说,段与段之间的停顿时间最长,其次是句与句之间的停顿,最后才是句子内部意群之间的停顿,例如:主语与分句或从句之间的停顿。句子内部意群之间的停顿,在下列情况下尤其突出: (9种)
1.主句与从句(定语从句、宾语从句等)之间
         a. These are the robots of our dreams, intelligent machines that live to serve.
         b. And, the FBI confronts the most heavily armed militia  that US law enforcement has ever faced.
         c. James Bond, the ultimate survivor knows very well that there are many ways to kill.
2. 条件状语、时间状语等分句与主句之间
       a. All would be lost if not for the strength of one woman.
       b. Welcome to paradise. When you arrive here you’ll find a million secrets and as you explore it, you’ll find a million more.
 3. 当后置定语较长时,其与所修饰的核心词之间
        a. As we reveal the secret strategies of an FBI crisis negotiator, these stories are straight ahead on Best Kept Secrets.
        b. But for their variety of appearance, all dogs are simply mutations of their closet ancestral relative, the wolf.
        c. How does the FBI solve cases like the Oklahoma City Bombing?
4. 表时间、地点、距离、方式等的介词短语与句子其他成分之间     
 a. The four hundred-year-old Hapsburg dynasty still commands most of Europe to the envy of her neighbours.
       b. Wolves had competed for prey with another group of hunters, complex communicators  not unlike themselves.
       c. Her crew is plotting a course to one of the most notorious points in the north Atlantic, the site of Titanic disaster.
5. 表目的、伴随动作、原因、或结果的分词短语与句子其他成分之间
   a. Perhaps the wolves were drawn in by the  smell of meat cooking cover a fire, and into  
       contract into their rivals.
   b. Tucked high in the canyon hills are aristocratic retreats over-looking some of the most
       expensive real estate in the United States.
   c. But for the Russian people born to this giant land, Europe is distant horizon beyond their
       imagination.
6. 不定式短语与句子其他成分之间
     a. What exactly happened on that terrible night to cause the death of one thousand of five 
         hundred and twenty-three men, women and children?
     b. Science is taking us back in time to witness the sinking of the unsinkable Titanic.
     c. She is the first woman to inherit the Hasburg thrown, and few believe she can          keep it.
7. 以and或or分隔的较长的句子成分之间
But you’re not in the jungle of Bali or even a hidden sanctuary somewhere in Thailand.
b. He drags millions out of the Dark Ages and forges a new nation.
c. It defies definition and can only be described as unbelievable, capricious and dreamlike.
8. 同位语与句子其他成分之间
  1. The one exception: her devoted husband  Francis, duke of Lorraine.
9. 插入语与句子其他成分之间
a. At times, dogs appears to move and react like wild animals, yet they are by definition, domesticated.
b. The instruments of death have pushed technology to the limits in what has become the Deadly Game.
Skill 4:Dealing with weak forms of auxiliary verbs
   助动词弱读在句子中的应用:
   学会助动词的弱读,是掌握连读技巧的第一步。任何一种语言,在口语表达时,句子中的单词有重读、弱读这样的变化,句子听上去才生动、自然。英语也不例外。
   1.在英语中,哪些单词在句子中需要弱读呢?
   一般情况下,助动词会明显地弱读。
   请看下面的例句,揣摩助动词在句中是如何被弱读的:
     Do you come here a lot?
     They weren’t expecting us.
     They’re having another argument.
     We haven’t been told anything yet.
2.   助动词弱读时的发音变化:
     助动词弱读时,其发音与单词音标中的发音会有一些不同,快读时,他们发音会变为:
     do you   /dəjuː/      I’m   /aim/         weren’t/wəːnt/
     were   / wə /            they’re /ðɛə/     I’ll /aiI/                
     being    /biŋ/             have /həv/        was /wəz/                   
     they’ve    /ðei/          been /bin/         we’ll /wiːI/
     we’re      /wiə/           be    /bi/             haven’t   /həvn/
Skill 5:Dealing with the weak form of “ of”
1.Of的弱读形式:
    of 在词典中的音标及它的重读形式为:/ ɔv /,而当它出现在句子中时,很少采取strong form, 而会采取其弱读形式,即/ əv/。
2.   of 与其他单词的连读
      当of 前面单词的最后一个音为辅音时,该辅音与of的弱读形式的起首元音/ə/构成连读,可以构成一个音节来发音;同样道理,当of后面单词的第一个音为元音时,该元音与of弱读形式结尾的辅音/ v /也构成连读。例如下面的短语:
      a flight⌒of stairs     a piece⌒of furniture    an item⌒of news   
      a pinch⌒of salt       a carton⌒of milk        a bar⌒of chocolate
      a bunch⌒of flowers    a bundle⌒of sticks     a suite⌒of room
  a cluster⌒of houses             a touch⌒of bitterness
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