语法专题：定语从句

Here is a boy who wants to see you.

有个男孩想见你。

4．先词与定语从句被其他词所分隔时。

Don't tell anyone about the secret who oughtn't to know.

不要把这秘密告诉任何一个不该知道它的人。

I was the only person in my office who was invited.

我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。

B． 只用which/whom

在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替which/whom。

1．在非限制性定语从句中。

The weather was very terrible, which we hadn't expected.

天气非常糟糕，这我们没有料到。

2．介词后面。

关系代词紧跟在介词或短语介词后面，只能用which或whom，不能用that。

He climbed up to the top of a large rock, from which he got a good view.

他爬到一块巨大的岩石顶上，从那里他看到很好的景色。（也可用from where）

Sound is a tool, by means of which people communicate with each other.

声音是工具，人们通过这个工具进行交流。

They asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn't answer.

他们问了我许多问题，大部分我都不会回答。

C．只用that

在下列情况下，限制性定语从句中一般只用that引导

1．当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等词时，或当先行词被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。

Everything that they said was true.

他所说的一切都是真的。

He is dead and there's nothing that can be done.

他死了，再也没有什么办法了。

There was little that we could do to help her.

我们没有什么能帮助她的。

These walls are all that remain of the ancient city.

这些墙是这座古城所残存下来的全部。

提示：

something 后面可用which引导定语从句。

There is something（which/that） I'd like to tell you. 有些事我想告诉你。

2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

The first place （that） they visited in London was the Big Ben.

在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

She was probably the hardest working student （that） I have ever taught.

她也许是我教学生中学习最勤奋的。