2017年全国乙卷阅读理解中文翻译

阅读理解D篇
A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸馏器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural (This is from HowCoolEnglish) substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container — perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now (This is from HowCoolEnglish) form a cone (圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
在没有现成的水的地区,自制太阳能蒸馏器是获取饮用水最好的方法之一.这一装置是由美国农业部的两位博士开发的,是个非常出色的集水器.遗憾的是,你必须随身携带必要的设备,因为找到天然替代品几乎是不可能的.不过,唯一需要的部件是5'x 5'的透明或轻微乳白色的塑料纸,6英尺的塑料管和一个装水的容器(一个水杯也可以).这些部件可以整齐装进小背包,系在你的腰带上.
建造一个基本够用的蒸馏器,要用一根锋利的棍子或石头挖出一个三英尺深、四尺宽的坑.尽量在潮湿的地方挖坑,以提高集水器的效率.把你的杯子放在坑的最深处.然后把管子(欢迎关注好酷英语)放在适当的位置,这样一端就可以完全放在杯子里,一端就可以伸出坑外.
接下来,用塑料布盖住坑口,用泥土盖住塑料布的边缘,用一块石头压住塑料布的中心.塑料布现在应该形成一个侧面底角为45度的圆锥体.塑料布的低点必须位于水杯上方不超过3英寸的地方.
太阳能蒸馏器通过在塑料布下面制造一个温室来工作.地下水蒸发并在塑料布上聚集,直到形成小水滴(欢迎关注好酷英语)顺着塑料布流下,落入水杯中.当装水容器装满时,你可以通过管子把水吸出来,这样就不需要在每次要喝水的时候破坏蒸馏器了.