形容词、副词讲义要点

五．相关词语辨析
1.very 和much
A）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；,much修饰比较级；　修饰动词用much或 very much ,eg. I very like English.(×),应改为：I like English very much.
B) 表示状态的过去分词前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情况下，以-ing、-ed结尾的分词多用much、very much / greatly等修饰。如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom..  
C)已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：very interesting / worrying / exciting
D）too前用much/ far ,不用very。You are much / far / a lot too nice.另外，在too many    / much, too few / little前用far。 We’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.　
      E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much. eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree
2. so和such
A)so … that … 与such … that … 的区别。
so +  形容词 / 副词 +  that …
so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that …
so + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that …
such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that …
such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that …
注意： 但当little表示“小”时用such。如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress themselves.下列so的用法是错误的：so a difficult problem,so difficult problems, so hot weather。
B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word
3.  be too much + n.
    be much too+ adj.
    be too much for sb. 对…太过分了
4.  can’t be too +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enough “无论…都不为过”
   You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。
【各个击破】
1. John told me that ¬¬¬¬_____  nothing important have ever happened.   
   A. hardly     B. rarely     C. nearly     D. almost
2. ---Why don’t you like the shirt?
  ---Its neck is not big for me at all. Have you got a shirt of this kind with _____ neck?   
  A. the biggest    B. a far bigger    C. by far the biggest   D. a more bigger
3. ---The temperature today is 10℃ below zero.
  ---Oh, it’s ____cold.   
   A. the most     B. the more    C. most      D. much  more
4. ---Do you think him naughty enough?
 ---I’m afraid he’s ___than naughty.       
   A. more clever    B. clever  C. much clever  D. much more clever
5. Exercise is _____as any other to lose unwanted weight.  
   A. so useful a way B. as a useful way  C. as useful a way    D. such a useful way
6. ---What’s wrong? You seem restless.  
  ---I was reduced to paying ____ price for it.
  A. double the    B. double of the   C. double     D. double of
7. _____, the boys were shouting and singing.  
A. Happy and excited      B. Happily and excitedly  
C. To be happy and excited     D. To be happily and excitedly
8. I’m glad to say that he’s already finished _____50% of the book in these three days.
  A. no less than    B. no more than   C. not more than    D. much less than
9. I’ll get there by six, if______.  
  A. not sooner    B. no sooner    C. not more quickly   D. no quick
10. The US is about the same size as China, but its population is five times ____. 
A. as little    B. smaller    C. as few     D. fewer