双语阅读每40天就会有一种语言消亡

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本阅读来自2022-2023学年铁一中学、广大附中高一下学期期末三校联考，进行中文翻译，建议阅读时不看中文翻译。理解后作答。

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Every 40 days a language dies. This “catastrophic” loss is being intensified by the climate crisis; according to linguists. If nothing is done, conservative estimates suggest that half of all the 7000 languages currently spoken will be extinct by the end of the century. from zshunj_cn

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每40天就会有一种语言消亡。根据语言学家的说法，气候危机加剧了这种“灾难性”损失。如果不采取任何措施，保守估计，到本世纪末，目前使用的7000种语言中有一半将灭绝。

Speakers of minority languages have experienced a long history of persecution,with the result that by the 1920s half of all indigenous languages in Australia, the US, South Africa and Argentina were extinct. The climate crisis is now considered the “final nail in the coffin” for many indigenous languages and the knowledge they represent.

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少数民族语言使用者经历了漫长的迫害历史，结果到20世纪20年代，澳大利亚、美国、南非和阿根廷一半的土著语言已经灭绝。气候危机现在被认为是许多土著语言及其所代表的知识的“棺材上的最后一颗钉子（最后致命一击）”。

“Languages are already endangered,” says Anastasia Richl, director of the Strathy language unit at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Huge factors are globalization and migration, as communities move to regions where their language is not spoken or valued, according to Richl. “It seems particularly cruel,” she says, “that most of the world's languages are in parts of the world that are growing unpleasant to people.” Vanuatu, a South Pacific island nation measuring 12,189 km², has 110 languages, the highest density of languages on the planet. “It is also one of the countries most at risk of sea level rise,” she says. “Many small language communities are on islands and coastlines easily subject to hurricanes and sea level rise.” Others live on lands where rising temperature threatens traditional farming and fishing practices, leading to migration.

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安大略省金斯敦女王大学斯特拉西语言系主任Anastasia Richl说：“语言已经濒临灭绝。”。Richl表示，随着社区迁移到他们的语言不被使用或不被重视的地区，全球化和移民是巨大的因素。她说：“世界上大多数语言都在人们越来越不愉快的地区，这似乎特别残酷。”瓦努阿图是一个面积12189平方公里的南太平洋岛国，拥有110种语言，是地球上语言密度最高的国家。“它也是海平面上升风险最大的国家之一，”她说。“许多小型语言社区位于岛屿和海岸线上，很容易受到飓风和海平面上升的影响。”其他人则生活在气温上升威胁到传统农业和渔业做法的土地上，导致移民。

In response to the crisis, the UN launched the International Decade of Indigenous Languages in 2022. Promoting and conserving languages of indigenous communities is “not only important for them, but for all humanity”, said Csaba Korosi,the UN general assembly president, urging countries to allow access to education in indigenous languages.