“双减、内卷、饭圈、躺平”怎么翻译？官方给出了解释！

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10月6日，中国驻美国大使秦刚应邀在线出席“旅游和人文交流”主题论坛开幕式并发表主旨演讲。

在演讲中，秦大使以图文并茂的方式和生动风趣的语言，结合当下中国流行的七个“热词”，向美国公众介绍了中国的最新发展情况和中国人的精神面貌，一起来看看这些流行语。

而对于每个热词，秦刚均分别作了详细解释：

人民至上，生命至上
people first, life first

这组词产生于抗疫，但在中国却有着悠久历史和深沉的人文情怀。2000多年前，孔子提出“民惟邦本”思想，强调人是国家的根本。中国共产党成立百年来奋斗的初心和使命就是为人民谋幸福。坚持以人民为中心，是中国共产党的执政理念和中国特色社会主义核心价值观之一。

疫情肆虐时，我们前所未有调集全国资源、举国同心开展最严格、最全面、最彻底的大规模科学防控和救治，不放弃每一个角落，不放弃每一个生的希望，从出生仅30个小时的婴儿到100多岁的老人，不计代价，全力免费救治。目前，疫情在中国全境得到有效控制，局部地区出现散发病例或聚集性疫情，都能迅速得到遏制。

The phrase, "people first, life first" came from China's fight against the pandemic, a massive nationwide effort that meant no place was left behind and no life was given up on.

"From a 30-hour-old baby to senior citizens over 100 years old, no cost was spared to save a life, and all the treatment was free," the envoy said. "Now the pandemic has been put under effective control in China, and sporadic or cluster cases in a few regions were all curbed very quickly."

逆行者

heroes in harm's way

是指在抗疫过程中那些不惧风险、迎难而上、无私奉献的人物群体。他们中有从全国各地奔赴疫情一线、与时间赛跑、跟病毒搏击、抢救生命的医护工作者、解放军、消防员；有通宵奋战仅用10余天时间建成战地医院的建筑工人；有把私家车当出租车免费接送病患和医务工作者的普通市民；有日夜值守的公安干警，抢运物资的卡车司机，坚守岗位的快递小哥、保安、环卫工人；还有在社区执行管理检测、为居民订菜送饭倒垃圾的志愿者。

Also made popular during China's efforts to control the pandemic was the saying ni xing zhe, or "heroes in harm's way", which refers to everyday heroes such as medical professionals, military personnel and firefighters who put their duty before their lives and made sacrifices to fight the pandemic.

躺平

lie flat

是指一些年轻人放弃奋斗、不思进取，他们或逃避竞争、低欲望生活，或不想工作、回家啃老，类似美国的归巢族。选择躺平的人，有的家境比较优越，一出生就躺赢；有的认为不管怎样，都有国家基本医疗、失业保险和养老保险等兜底。这和他们的父辈不同，那时，家家户户没有这么好的条件，社会资源紧缺，凭票购物，想躺平也没条件，只能奋斗。另一方面，与父辈相比，这一代年轻人面临着更大的压力和竞争，如就业、职场、住房、生育等等，仅举一个数字，每年就有一千万大学毕业生走向社会。有人认为躺平是一种与世无争，无欲无求的人生处世哲学；有人认为躺平是对社会快速发展的无奈选择；有人认为躺平是为了释放情绪后更好地站起来；但更多的人不认同躺平，认为躺平是精致利己主义。人们更崇尚逆行者。

Another buzzword, tang ping, or "lie flat", describes Chinese youngsters who have little ambition and do the bare minimum to get by. It turns out that the "lie-flatters" are from well-off families, born with a silver spoon in their mouths, or believe that whatever happens to them, they have basic medical insurance, pension and unemployment subsidies to fall back on, Qin said.

"This is totally different from previous generations, who didn't have the luxury to 'lie flat', because they had to tighten their belts and work hard to earn a living," he said, adding that younger people are facing greater pressure than older generations when it comes to employment.

Qin said more people don't approve of the "lie-flatters", who they believe are self-centered, and have greater respect for the "heroes in harm's way".

凡尔赛

Versailles

源自法国宫殿名称，在当下中国引申为一种自诩的贵族精神，用来指有些人在朋友圈中以故作委婉、先抑后扬的话语方式，炫耀自己精致优雅、与众不同。比如，有的人为了炫耀自己有钱，就会说，“我最近不得不搬家，因为有私人车库的别墅才有私人充电桩，特斯拉才能用”；还有的人炫耀自己出境游，发帖“今晚我要去维多利亚港哭，以后努力赚钱去巴黎哭。”对种种“凡尔赛”，社交媒体评论区里各种羡慕、嫉妒、恨。

"Versailles," originally from the "Palace of Versailles" in French, was borrowed to describe the self-claimed aristocratic spirit. On social media, it is used to label humble-braggers, he said.

内卷

involution

作为新的网络词汇，是指非理性内部竞争，或是“被自愿”竞争，个人努力遭受通货膨胀。中国年轻人面临成长压力，在高度竞争中，许多人认为成功比成长重要，同伴彼此PK，家长暗中较劲，培训班鄙视链、学区房排位赛等教育军备竞赛万众参与。家长们望子成龙，谁都不愿自己孩子输在起跑线上，于是虎妈、鸡娃，拼爹、拼妈，还得拼校外功夫。而那些吊起家长胃口的各种线上线下教育培训机构野蛮生长，又进一步加剧内卷，教育沦为产业。一些小学生的补习安排甚至比正在备考的高中生还紧，各种科目应接不暇。家长累，孩子也累，钱包空了，亲子时光也没了。

The ambassador told a personal story to illustrate why the government unveiled a policy to address nei juan, or "involution", a buzzword meaning irrational or involuntary competition, which makes people feel burned out.

"I still remember over 10 years ago, my weekends were spent rushing my kid from one training school to another, and the courses he took ranged from math to physics," he said.

After a whole day of classes, a tutor came to the family home in the evening. When the tutoring session finished, Qin had to help his son with his composition homework.

双减

double reduction

就是政府针对内卷出台的政策，要减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担，目的是让教育回归本真，孩子要在学校里，德智体全面发展，使成长比成功更重要，不能让资本操作教育。“双减”来了，孩子课业压力小了，小伙伴们不用再比拼谁上的课外班多、课外班有名，孩子们有更多时间锻炼玩耍了，天性得到释放。可还是有家长觉得天塌了，花钱把自己孩子培养成学霸，现在却被剥夺了靠多刷题出人头地的机会。但更多家长觉得天亮了，终于不那么累了，可以护住自己的钱包，不受教育商业化忽悠了。

That's why most parents felt a burden had been lifted when education authorities rolled out shuang jian, or double reduction. The policy reduced the excessive homework load and after-school tutoring hours for students, giving them more time for sports, play and hobbies.

饭圈

celebrity fan clubs

指娱乐业粉丝组成的圈子。一些明星为追求流量，通过互联网平台、商业炒作，误导粉丝疯狂追星模仿，导致粉丝中模糊身份认同者有之，散尽家财者有之。在种种混乱畸形的背后，是互联网平台及其幕后资本主导的一条利益链。饭圈文化是娱乐圈过度商业化、资本化的扭曲反映。政府正在整治引导。

The last buzzword, "Celebrity Fan Clubs," refers to the phenomenon that some celebrities use internet to hype up themselves and cause their fans to admire them in an irrational manner, while such abnormalities stem from a chain of interests dominated by online platforms and the capital that supports them, he said.