读后续写技能提升：如何写好开头和结尾

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一、如何写好精彩开头

一个好的故事开头就好比是一个带着香味十足的诱饵，诱使读者上钩并且饶有趣味地看完。而一个拙劣的故事开头，定会让读者大倒胃口，恹恹欲睡。可见，写好一个故事的开头是多么的重要。

1．副词开头

Carefully, he stepped over all the broken glass.

他小心翼翼地踩过了所有的碎玻璃。

Joyfully,he skipped up the street.

他很高兴地跳过了街道。

解读：这里的Carefully和Joyfully把后面的两个动作step（踩）和skip（跳）描写得更加细致和生动。

2、形容词短语开头

Curious to know what was inside, he tiptoed into the dark cave.

他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮着脚尖走进了黑暗的洞穴。

解读：这里的"Curious to know what was inside（很想知道里面是什么）"就是形容词短语，表明他进洞穴的原因。相当于"He was curious to know what was inside, and he tiptoed into the dark cave. "。

Unable to say a word, he was rooted to the spot.

一句话也说不出来，他就楞在了原地。

解读：这里的"Unable to say a word"也是一个形容词短语，表现了"楞在原地"这个动作的伴随动作：说不出一个字。

3．非谓语开头

Looking around him cautiously, he slipped into the room and softly closed the door.

他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜进了房间，轻轻地关上门。

解读：这里的"Looking around him cautiously"意思是：小心翼翼地环顾四周，是一个非谓语动词短语。

Feeling disappointed, Jane had to stay alone for another night.

简感到失望，不得不再待一夜。

解读：本句中的开头，用了 doing的形式，即 Feeling disappointed（感到失望）。

4．对话或独白开头

"Let's see who gets there first!" Rachel shouted, as she pedaled fast and zoomed past Jenny.

"让我们看谁先到那里去！"瑞秋一边叫着，一边飞快地蹬着车从珍妮身边冲过去。

"Get into the car."Paul shouted at Mac.

"上车！"保罗对麦克喊道。

5．背景描写开头

I looked out of the car window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys,holding me entirely in their fascination.

我望着车窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。

解读：这里用"视觉＋环境描写＋拟人"的写作手法，成功地抓住了读者的注意力。

6．行为描写开头

Furry started wagging his tail and running around in circles when he saw his master taking a leash out from the drawer. Furry was all ready for his evening walk.

当他看到他的主人从抽屉里拿出一条拴狗链时，Furry 开始摇尾巴，绕着圈跑。Furry 已经为晚上的散步做好了准备。

解读：一连串有关Furry的动作链，像放电影一样，印刻在读者的大脑中。为后面情节发展做好了铺垫。

二、如何写好结尾

读后续写要求我们根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。其核心是根据原文的情节，写出合适的故事结尾，即在准确理解原文的基础上，根据原文故事的发展，写出符合原文主旨、逻辑关系合理、语言风格一致的结尾。因此，故事结尾情节的设计，是读后续写的关键所在。那么，我们如何才能写出既符合原文特点，又能深化主题、吸引读者、引起共鸣、激发思考的结尾呢？

为了写出好的故事结尾，我们要做到以下几点：

1．准确理解原文故事的主旨

作者写一个故事，不仅仅是为了叙述一件事，而是通过一件事来表达其思想，或抑恶扬善，或启迪心灵，或美化心情，或传播知识信息，等等。我们在构思结尾时，一定要准确理解原文所要表达的主旨，让结尾符合原文主旨。

2．故事的结尾在语言风格上要和原文保持一致

结尾只是原文的延续，因此，其必须跟原文浑然一体，尤其是在语言风格上。续写部分结尾的用词、句子结构风格都要和原文保持一致。

3．故事的结尾要思路新颖、引人入胜

为了让读者感到眼前一亮，不胜惊喜，同时有所启迪，我们可以从以下视角着手：

(1）拓展思维。续写故事时，我们要在保持原文主旨的基础上突破保守思想，勇于探索不同的路径。当然，也要注意不能只贪图猎奇，而使得情节荒诞。要在符合主旨、逻辑合理的前提下进行合理的思考。

(2）善于挖掘原文的隐含信息。很多故事的叙述会隐藏一些非常重要的信息词汇，我们要善于发现并挖掘这样的词汇。如"实例导引"中的funny。

(3）建立启发思想、激发兴趣的意识。我们写的故事，不要仅仅限于叙述故事本身，而应该要有自己的生命，让读者耳目一新，能引起共鸣和思考，让读者有情感和态度的体验。

实例导引

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day."As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn't get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and asked, "It looks like you've got a problem."

"I'm afraid so. I'm in a big hurry and I can't start my car."

" Is there something I can do to help?" Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, "Thanks. If you're sure it wouldn't be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi."

"No trouble at all. I'd be glad to help."

The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking,he heard a long loud noise of an alarm.

It was from the bank. There had been a robbery!

Park Avenue had been a quiet moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, "What happened?" But everyone had a different answer.

Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.

She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised.

"Why is she looking at me like that?" he thought. "The suitcase! She thinks I'm the bank thief!"

Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run.

注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, "Stop! Stop!".__________

_______________________________________________________________________________

The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur. ____________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

［语篇解读］

故事的开始，亚瑟在街上行走时看到一个年轻人遇到了困难。年轻人的汽车发动不了，而他需要把两个箱子搬到出租车上去。于是好心的亚瑟就帮他搬箱子。

而就在这时，银行的警报器响了。现场一片混乱，人们四处跑动。

亚瑟一边搬运东西，一边回头张望。由于没有看清前面，所以撞到了一位女士。那位女士看着亚瑟，又看了看他手里的手提箱，似乎很怀疑亚瑟。

亚瑟刚开始还觉得很奇怪：那位女士为什么那样看着自己？突然，他想起了手里提着的那个年轻人的箱子。联想到银行报警器，他察觉自己被误认为是抢劫犯了。想到这里，他极为恐惧，于是不假思索，开始猛跑。

［结尾设计］

续写第一段的段首句：亚瑟开始跑，而后面的年轻人在他后面大叫"站住！站住！"

续写第二段的段首句：出租车停在了警察局门口，亚瑟…

从所给的两段的段首句可以看出，最终是亚瑟坐出租车去了警察局。而去了警察局最典型的结果就是文章中的男人是抢劫犯，亚瑟帮助警察抓住了坏人，立了大功。然而，这样的设计其实和原文主旨不符，也没有什么特别的吸引力。

在设计结尾的情节的时候，我们一定要注意文章开始点明的funny thing，故事的最终发展一定要符合这个中心。也就是故事结尾必须和开头照应，结尾应该是一个funny story。只有结尾写出funny的特点，才符合文章主旨，有新意，才会让读者有会心一笑、回味无穷的感觉。

根据以上点拨写出答案

Sample

As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, "Stop! Stop!" But Arthur ran even faster. Just then,a taxi came along. Arthur stopped it immediately and threw himself into the back seat. As soon as he got in, he asked the driver to go to the Police Station. Considering the urgent situation, the driver pulled out the car and headed for the nearest Police Station.

The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur ran into it, shouting, "There's a bank robbery and I know the bank thief. " No sooner had Arthur told his story than the policemen headed for the bank without delay. When they arrived at the spot, they were surprised to find that the people who gathered before the bank were now crowding around the young man, who seemed quite worried. Finally, Arthur realized that he had made a mistake. The loud noise of the alarm was incorrectly made by the banks system and nothing happened to the bank, but the young man was worried that someone had robbed his suitcase.

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