独立主格结构

With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.

由于儿子如此令人失望，老人感到很不快乐。（with+名词/代词+形容词）

在with （without） 的复合结构中，多数情况下with 能省略，但without 不能省略。

- each引导的强调型独立主格

形式为:句子 +复数名词结尾 , each +介词短语/形容词短语/名词短语/-ing形式/-ed形式

这种独立主格结构为了强调句尾的复数名词

如:

Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into five groups,each with its own executive.（题源:《GMAT语法全解》白勇著，Page38）

-There being +名词（代词）

There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。

-It being +名词（代词）

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。

特点

1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系或动宾关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：

The test finished, we began our holiday.

= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

考试结束了，我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home.

工作完成后，我们才回家。

The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.

会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。

He came into the room,his ears red with cold.

他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。

He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.

他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆

注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。