高考真题中出现的熟词生义
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发布时间:2017-11-29 19:52:00
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31.drop
【真题原文】So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient —— please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. (2016 全国I卷阅读C篇)
【词义解释】drop常见的意思是“落下,(使)下降”,在本句中的意思为“to stop doing or discussing sth.; to not continue with sth.停止;终止;放弃”。
【参考翻译】她直接放弃/停止了所有的事情。
【小试牛刀】我 14 岁后就没再学德语。
I German (= stopped studying it) when I was 14.
32.still
【真题原文】They told her to stay still until the emergency personnel arrived, but she thought the car was going to explore. (2016 全国I卷完形填空)
【词义解释】still常作为副词,意为“仍然,依旧”,在本句中still为形容词,意思为“ staying in the same position; not moving 静止的;不动的,安静的”。sit/stand/stay still 意为“坐着/站着/静着不动”。
【参考翻译】 他们告诉她待在那里不要动,等紧急救援人员到来,但是她认为这辆车快要爆炸了。
【小试牛刀】小孩子很难长时间坐着不动。
Children find it difficult to for very long.
33.call
【真题原文】One thing is certain ——Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! (2016 全国I卷完形填空)
【词义解释】call既可作为名词,也可作为动词,意为“打电话,呼叫”,在本句中call为名词,意思为“ request/demand请求,要求”。
【参考翻译】 有一件事是确定无疑的,那就是拉里靠近正在燃烧的车辆(救火)的做法远超越他的职责要求。
【小试牛刀】每天放学后这位老师都帮助学生复习功课,尽管这不属于他的职责要求。
The teacher helped students after school every day, even though it was .
34.switch
【真题原文】The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum —— she never suspects.(2016 全国I卷语法填空)
【词义解释】switch常见的意思为“开关,转换”,在本句中switch为动词,意思为“ replace one thing with another, or exchange things交换; 调换”。
【参考翻译】 (熊猫)保育队每隔几天就把他和他的双胞胎姐姐进行交换,这样当一只熊猫宝宝被人工饲养的时候,另外一只则由熊猫妈妈照顾——她从未怀疑过。
【小试牛刀】要是把我的杯子跟她的换了,你认为她看得出来吗?
Do you think she’ll notice if I my glass with hers?
35.live
【真题原文】We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. (2016 全国I卷阅读理解A篇)
【词义解释】live作为动词,常见的意思为“居住,活着”,作为形容词时,常见的意思为“活的”,在本句中live为形容词,意思为“ (of a performance表演) given or made when people are watching, not recorded现场演出的”。
【参考翻译】我们将会带上你去参加一个晚会,那有来自当地最棒的乐团的现场演出的摇滚乐和流行音乐表演。
【小试牛刀】现场演奏的乐队在聚会上总是很吸引人的。
A band is always a good draw at a party.
36.book
【真题原文】
①Book early to get a table. (2016 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解A篇)
②Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book.(2015 全国I卷阅读理解A篇)
【词义解释】 book常用作名词,意为“书”,book在本句中为动词,意思为“to arrange to have a hotel room or a ticket etc. or use it at a particular time订,预订(旅馆房间、票等)”。
【参考翻译】①(你需要)提前预定才能订上座位。
②入场费按正常收费,你不需要预定。
【小试牛刀】劳丽透露她昨晚已为自己预订了返家的机票。
Laurie revealed she herself a flight home last night.
37.shoot
【真题原文】In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.(2016 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)
【词义解释】 shoot常见的意思为“射击”,在本句中shoot的意思为“to make a film/movie or photograph of something拍摄;摄影”。
【参考翻译】事实上,这些照片是在1914年到1916年之间被拍摄出来的,其中的大部分照片都经历了一次毁灭性的海难,而这些拍摄者没有合情理的生还的可能。
【小试牛刀】这部电影是在印度南部实地拍摄的。
The film on location in Southern India.
38.respect&approach
【真题原文】It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
(2016 全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)
【词义解释】 respect既可作为名词,也可用作动词,常见的意思为“尊重,尊敬”,在本句中为with respect to固定搭配,意为“concerning关于;就……而言”;approach常见的意思为“接近,靠近”,在本句中approach意为“to begin to deal with a situation or problem in a particular way or with a particular attitude(以某种方式或态度)对付,处理”。
【参考翻译】它始于窥探自己的内心,弄明白就自然世界而言你是谁,并且你要知道如何处理园艺工作流程。
【小试牛刀】
①这将会引起很多有关环境污染方面的问题。
It’s going to raise a lot of problems atmosphere pollution.
②处理这个问题也许可以用一种不同的方式。
It might be possible to the problem in a different way.
39.matter
【真题原文】It’s our experience of the garden that matters——how being in those gardens made us feel. (2016 全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)
【词义解释】 matter常见作为名词,意为“问题,事情”,在本句中为matter为动词,意为“to be important or have an important effect on sb. / sth. 事关紧要;要紧;有重大影响”。
【参考翻译】我们对于花园的体验才是最重要的——在花园里会使我们产生怎样的感觉。
【小试牛刀】你幸福就行了,这才是最重要的。
As long as you’re happy, that’s all that .
40.figure
【真题原文】
①Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. (2016 全国Ⅱ卷完形填空)
②Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation. (2016 全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解B篇)
③Your house may have an effect on your figure.(2015 全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)
【词义解释】figure常见作为名词,意为“数字;画像;图表”,在第一个例句中为figure out固定搭配,意为“to finally understand something or someone, or find the solution to a problem after a lot of thought 弄懂;弄明白;想出”;在第二和第三个例句中,figure意为“the shape of a body体形,身材”。
【参考翻译】①坐回到车里,在直奔去机场的路上,我终于想明白了。
②韦尔蒂坐在沙发上,身材纤瘦,穿着朴素的灰白色衣服,很高兴地解释着。
③你的房子或许会对你的体形产生影响。
【小试牛刀】
①我弄不明白他为什么要那么做。
I can’t why he did it.
②如果不多加注意,你就会失去女孩般的苗条身段。
You’ll lose your girlish if you don’t watch out.
参考答案:
31. dropped
32. sit still
33. above and beyond the call of duty
34. switch
35. live
36. had booked
37. was shot
38.①with respect to;②approach
39. matters
40.①figure out;②figure
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