语法专题:定语从句


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发布时间:2015-11-28 11:45:00
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内容提要:在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句

together.

约翰在这里呆了一星期,在此期间我们一起游了西湖。

It might snow this weekend, in which case we won't go to Beijing.

周末可能下雪,在这种情况下,我们就不去北京了。

E.that

指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语(做宾语时常可省略)。

He is the man that lives next door.

他就是住在隔壁的那个人。(定语从句修饰先行词the man,作主语)

I don't like stories that have unhappy endings.

我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。(定语从句修饰先行词stories,作主语)

The dress (that) Ann bought doesn't fit her very well.

安买的衣服不太合身。(定语从句修饰先行词the dress,that作宾语可省略)

Is there anything (that) I can do for you.

有我能为你效劳的事吗?(定语从句修饰先行词anything,that作宾语,可省略)

提示:

在口语中,that有时还可以作关系副词,相当于when或介词+which结构。

We left the day (that) he arrived. 他来的那一天,我们就走了。(that替when)

He doesn't see things the way (that) we see them. 他看问题的方法和我们不一样。(that代替in which)

Imagine the speed (that) he drives his car! 很难想象,他开车的速度那么快!(that代替at which)

F.其他关系代词

as 和but也可作关系代词,引导定语从句。

1.as

as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。

① 在限制性定语从句中,as可跟在由such, so, the same修饰的先行词之后。

Such men as heard him were deeply moved.

听过他说话的人,都会深受感动。(as在定语从句中作heard的主语)

I've never heard such stories as he tells.

我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。(as在定语从句中作tell的宾语)

He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.

他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。(as在定语从句中lift的宾语)

比较:

在the same as结构中,as也可用that代替。但严格地说,the same as强调相同,the same that注重同一。

She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.

她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。(as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物)

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