英语阅读理解正确选项与干扰选项的特点

第一节 正确选项往往是根据原文的词或句进行语意转换

一般来说, 阅读理解测试中要求找出主要事实或特定细节的问题, 在文章中均可找到回答. 但是, 需要注意的是, 这些问题的表述常常不是采用文章中的原话, 而是根据原文的词或句进行语意转换.

一、利用原文词句的同义词句或相似结构,转换表达形式.

【考例1】Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material. （2012湖南卷C篇）

68. According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because_____.

A. it can help plastic degrade

【考例2】 “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect （忽略） the mouth” （2010湖南卷C篇）

The discovery shows that Westerners _______.

A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

二、利用原文词句的反义词或相反结构,转换表达形式.

【考例3】Yet despite that, reading is increasingly unpopular among children. According to statistics in 1997 23% said they didn?t like reading in all. In 2003, 35% did. And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly. （2007山东B）

Statistics suggested that _______.

A. the number of top students increased with the use of computers

B. a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading

C. a minority of primacy school children read properly

D. a huge percentage of children read regularly

【考例4】When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. … instead of getting impatient and angry, B. it can be found in living things C. its mass production has been realized D. its raw materials are abundant in mature

they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak. （2011广东卷A）

What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?

A. They speed up to pass. B. They waited with patience.

C. They tried their best to help. D. They put on their flashlights too.

三、通过词性变化,转换表达的形式

【考例5】 Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It?s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that?s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.” （2009山东D）

According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters ______.

A. wiser in money management B. have access to better equipment

C. confident about their future careers D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds

四、使用原文的词句的上下义结构,转换表达形式.

【考例6】University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people?s renewed interest in careers in the pubic sector（部门）, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. （2009山东D）

Careers in the public sector are more attractive because of their_____.

A. greater stability B. higher pay C. fewer applications D. better reputation