英语阅读理解正确选项与干扰选项的特点

第二节 英语阅读理解干扰项的设置特点分析

通过分析干扰项的设置特点可以为我们提供思考的方向. 常用的干扰手段有哪些. 干扰项的如下特点：

（一） 偷梁换柱. 干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇,造成句意的改变.

【考例1】（2011湖南卷A篇） When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.

The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but environment is truly charming.

56. When first entering the restaurant, one can find that______ .

A. is splendidly decorated B. has pleasant smells of kabobs

C. is crowded with dining tables D. looks like a common restaurant

【考例2】（2011湖南卷A篇） A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food..

57. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?

A. Watching news events on TV. B. Drinking a kind of black coffee.

C. Reading local English newspapers. D. Discussing world topics in low voices.

（二） 在推理判断中利用词的表面意义来设置干扰

推理判断要求在理解原文表面信息的基础上,做出一定的判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义,要注意不能以文字的表面含义代替推理.

【考例1】（2010湖南卷B） But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts （甜甜圈）. Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up—again—and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.

When Mary received the life-changing news, she_________.

A. lost control of herself B. began a balanced diet

C. tried to get a treatment D. behaved in an adult way

【考例2】…McKay?s war records were destroyed during a World War II air bombing on London — an explanation for why he was all but forgotten.

But now, thanks to the efforts of Broad and his students, a marker in McKay?s memory was placed on the university grounds in November 2007. “I found my eyes filling with tears as I read the word ?deceased?（阵亡） next to his name,” said Corey Everrett , a student who found a picture of Mckay in his uniform. “This was such a simple example of the fact that he had been a student just like us, but instead of finishing his time at Western, he chose to fight and die for his country.” （2009湖南卷）

We can learn from the last paragraph that McKay ________ .

A. preferred fight to his study B. went to war before graduation

C. left a picture for Corey Everrett D. set an example for his fellow students

【考例3】（2009湖北） A few years ago, Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in Las vegas to ask them what it would take to design a public school that used 50 percent less energy, cost much less to build and obviously improved student learning . “I think half of them fell off their chairs,” Gerner says. How did the architects react to Garner’s design requirements ?

A. They lost balance in excitement. B. they showed strong disbelief.

C. they expressed little interest. D. they burst into cheers.

【考例4】I suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened. Looking down, I immediately recognized that something was wrong, and ran down to the edge of the near bank. There I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water, and it was a life-and-death struggle. Her calf was floating and screaming with fear. ……Then with a huge effort, she picked it up in her trunk and tried until she was able to place the calf on a narrow shelf of rock.

Just at this moment, she fell back into the river. If she were carried down, it would be certain death. I knew, as well as she did, that there was one spot where she could get up the bank, but it was on the other side from where she had put her calf.

While I was wondering what I could do next, I heard the sound of a mother?s love. Ma Shwe had crossed the river and got up the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could, roaring（吼叫） all the time, but to her calf it was music. （2009宁夏）

How did the calf feel about the mother elephant's roaring?

A. It was a great comfort. B. It was a sign of danger.

C. It was a call for help. D. It was a musical note.