假期学英语系列3：动词时态语态

〖10江西〗Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _____ since her marriage to Father.

A shoulders  B shouldered  C is shouldering  D has been shouldering

〖答案〗Ｄ

〖考点〗考查时态。

〖解析〗在本句since 表示自从过去到现在, 所以用现在完成时, 现在完成进行时为现在完成时的一种。

〖10山东〗The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.

   A. laid  B. laying   C. to lay   D. being laid

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗本题考查with复合结构的用法/被动语态。

〖解析〗with复合结构的构成是 “with+宾语+宾语补足语”, 由于table与lay(搁放)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 所以空格处用过去分词表示被动。

〖10山东〗Up to now, the program _______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.

 A. would save  B. saves  C. had saved   D. has saved

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗本题考查动词时态的用法。

〖解析〗句意应为 “截止到现在, 这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态的标志, 所以空格处使用现在完成时态。

〖10天津〗We________on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.

A. are working  B. have been working C. worked   D. had worked

〖答案〗B

〖考点〗考查动词时态。

〖解析〗句意：我们在这项工程上一直工作了四个小时了。咱们休息一会。从句子的时间状语for four hours和后面的句子Let’s have a rest可知, 动作从过去发生, 到说话的时候一直在进行着, 所以此处要用现在完成进行时态。

〖10天津〗Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.

A. are exhibiting  B. is exhibiting  C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited

〖答案〗C

〖考点〗考查被动语态。

〖解析〗句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着, 所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是 “正在被展览”, 所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。

〖10四川〗In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________.

   A. to deal with   B. dealing with C. to be dealt with  D. dealt with

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗考查不定式主动表被动。

〖解析〗在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动, 此时, 不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.

〖10四川〗一When shall we restart our business?

 一Not until we________our plan.

A. will finish    B. are finishing C. are to finish   D. have finished

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查动词时态。

〖解析〗在状语从句中, 经常用一般现在时表将来时, 用现在完成时表将来完成时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句, 故用现在完成时, 选D。意为 “直到我们完成我们的计划, 我们才重新开始我们的生意。”

〖10四川〗You’ve failed to do what you________to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.

A. will expect    B. will be expected C. expected   D. were expected

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查动词时态。

〖解析〗句中you与expect存在被动关系, 首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被

期盼做的事, 故应为过去时, 正确答案为D。

〖10江苏〗—why, Jack, you look so tired!

 —Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.

A. was painting B. will be painting   C. have painted  D. have been painting

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查时态题.

〖解析〗我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在, 而且到明天才会完成。所以用现在完成进行时

〖10江苏〗—Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

—We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

A. were   B. have been   C. had been   D. will be

〖答案〗C.

〖考点〗考查时态题.

〖解析〗我们去海边发生在过去. 而我们忙于工作在此之前. 因此用过去完成时.

〖10陕西〗I have to see the doctor because I________a lot lately.       

 A. have been coughing  B. had coughed  C. coughed    D. cough

〖答案〗A.

〖考点〗考查动词时态。

〖解析〗由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态, 且强调其持续性, 用现在完成进行时, 选A。

〖10陕西〗It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.

A. are being built  B. were being built   C. was being built  D. is being built

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查动词时态, 语态及主谓一致。

〖解析〗由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行, 主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 由此可知本题选D。

〖10湖北〗Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people ________（未证实）yet. (prove)

〖答案〗had not been proved

〖考点〗考查过去完成时的被动语态

〖解析〗

〖10辽宁〗Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.

A. has been going B. went     C. goes    D. has gone

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗考查时态。

〖解析〗句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校, 可是他仍然不能用俄语说 “你叫什么名字？”。句中since last month, 表示 “自从上个月起”根据but后的句意, 说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着, 所以要用现在完成进行时态。

〖10辽宁〗I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.

A. will do   B. do   C. am doing   D. had done

〖答案〗B

〖考点〗考查动词时态。

〖解析〗句意：我为一家人做饭, 但是最近我太忙不能做了。第一句表示现阶段的一种状况, 所以用一般现在时态。

〖10北京〗In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r”sounds at the end of the words________.

 A. are dropped  B. drop C. are being dropped    D. have dropped

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗时态和语态

〖解析〗the “r”sounds应该使用被动。

〖10北京〗--I’m not finished with my dinner yet.

  --But our friends________for us.

 A. will wait   B. wait    C. have waited D. are waiting

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗本题也是在语境中考查学生对时态的灵活运用。

〖解析〗第一个说话人说“我还没吃完饭呢”, 而下面的人则说“但是我们的朋友们都在等我们了”根据第一个人还没进行完吃饭的动作, 而第二个人又开始催促, 我们得知朋友们此时正在等他们。所以用进行时are waiting更符合句意。

〖10北京〗--I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?

   --Sorry, I________myself clear. We want to return on October 20.

A. hadn’t made    B. wouldn’t make   C. don’t make  D. haven’t made

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗时态

〖解析〗上文说没听清是几号回来。而下文则说很抱歉我没说清楚。根据句意我们只能选didn’t make或者haven’t made. 那落在选项中我们只能选择D。A. hadn’t made过去完成时表过去的过去, 不符合题意。B. wouldn’t make过去将来时时态不正确。C一般现在时不正确。

〖10北京〗It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they ______for me.

A. had done   B. did  C. would do    D. were doing

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗本题考查过去完成时和一般过去时的区别

〖解析〗整个句子时态用的是一般过去时, 我能够表示感谢就已经是过去, 而他们对我的帮助则是过去的过去。因此选A。

〖10重庆〗The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ________on the market in 1973.

A. had come  B. has come  C. came     D. comes

〖答案〗C

〖考点〗考查时态。

〖解析〗since引导的从句作状语时, 主句通常用完成时, 而从句用一般过去时, 所以选C项。

〖10重庆〗The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _______now.

A. remains B. is remained   C. is remaining D. has been remained

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗考查时态。

〖解析〗remain在这儿意思是 “剩下, 余留”, 为不及物动词, 整句话是对现在事实的陈述, 所以用一般现在时。选 A项。

〖10重庆〗-----Why do you want to work for our company?

   -----This is the job that I  for.

A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗考查时态。

〖解析〗由句意：这就是我一直寻找的工作可知用现在完成进行时, 表示从过去某个时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在, 并且有可能持续下去。

〖10浙江〗If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you______fresh watermelon in the fall.

A. eat   B. would eat  C. have eaten  D. will be eating

〖答案〗D

〖考点〗本题考查条件句的时态。

〖解析〗：根据句意：如果你在春天种下西瓜种子, 你会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。可以判断这是真实的条件从句, 会发生的事情, 所以选择will be eating表将来。

〖10浙江〗For many years, people ______electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.

A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of  C. dreamed of D. dream of

〖答案〗B

【2011全国卷,23】Planing so far ahead   no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.

A.made  B.is making C.makes  D.has made

【答案】C

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。

【2011全国卷,24】I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he  polite.

A.was just being   B.will just be C.had just been    D.would just be

【答案】A

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前wasn’t sure表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。

【2011全国卷,29】When Alice came to, she did not know how long she  there.

A.had been lying  B.has been lying C.was lying   D.has lain

【答案】A

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。

【2011全国卷II,9】If you don't like the drink you    just leave it and try a different one.

   A. ordered  B. are ordering C. will order  D. had ordered

【答案】A

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料，就把它放那儿，试试另一种。”don't like the drink是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作，因此，用过去时或现在完成时，故选A。

【2011北京卷,21】Experiments of this kind  in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.

A. have conducted B. have been conducted  C. had conducted D. had been conducted

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“就在二战爆发前，美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态，主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the second war是过去的时间点，before the second war是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。选D。

【2011北京卷,23】Tom  in the library every night over the last three months.

A. works  B. worked  C. has been working  D. had been working

【答案】C

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“在过去的三个月里，Tom每天晚上都在图书馆里学习。”题干中出现的over the last three months，是明显提示用现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选C。

【2011北京卷,27】——That must have been a long trip.

——Yeah, it    us a whole week to get there.

A. takes  B. has taken C. took  D. was taking

【答案】C

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“——那一定是长途旅行。——是的，我们花了整整一周时间才赶到那儿。”题干中must have done是对过去的肯定推测，提示时间在过去，描述过去的情况，排除A和B，D项was taking进行时态表将来，但事实上事情已发生，这与题意不符，因此选C。

【2011北京卷,32】——Bob has gone to California.

——Oh, can you tell me when he  ?

A. has left B. left C. is leaving   D. would leave

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“——Bob已经去了加利福尼亚。——噢，你能告诉我他什么时候离开的？”Bob has gone to California，去的动作已经发生过，说明他离开的动作发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。选B。

【2011天津卷,3】In the last few years thousands of films   all over the world.

A.have produced   B. have been produced   C. are producing   D. are being produced

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。”in the last few years在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。

【2011天津卷,4】On her next birthday, Ann    married for twenty years.

A.is   B.has been    C.will be  D.will have been

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“等到下次生日的时候，Ann结婚有二十年了。”her next birthday是将来的时间，for twenty years是个时间段。将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态，故选D。

【2011上海春招,29】I’m sure you will do better in the test because you    so hard this year.

 A. studied B. had studied

 C. will study D. have been studying

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句I’m sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year今年，是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成进行时。选D。

【2011上海春招,32】A lot of people often forget that oral exams    to test our communicative ability.

 A. design B. are designed

 C. are designing D. are being designed

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。

【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。”一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等时间状语连用。oral exams与design的关系存在着被动，故选B。

【2011山东卷,31】When I got on the bus, I    I had left my wallet at home.

 A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“当我上了车后，我才意识到我把钱包落在家里了。”I had left my wallet at home发生在realized之前，前一句When I got on the bus给出的时间起点是过去时，故选B。

【2011山东卷,35】She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child    everything!

A. had been e ating B. had eaten   C. have eaten D. have been eating

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。故选B。

【2011江苏卷,21】——I hear you    in a pub. what’s it like?

——Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.

A.are working  B.will work C.were working    D.will be working

【答案】A

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“——我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？——咳，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。”对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。

【2011江苏卷,23】——Tommy is planning to buy a car.

——I know. By next month, he    enough for a used one.

A.  saves   B .saved  C.will save D. will have saved

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“——Tommy将计划买车。——我知道，到下个月为止，他积攒的钱足够买一辆旧车了。”by next month是将来完成时的标志，全句表示在将来next month之前完成“积攒足够钱”的动作，对将来的时间next month产生影响，能买一辆旧车。故选D。

【2011福建卷,32】Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they

    from China.

A.receive  B.are receiving C.have received D.had received

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词的时态。

【解析】句意为“上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时，接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选D。

【2011安徽卷, 32】——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk?

   ——I put it there just now in case you needed it.

A. does it land B. has it landed  C. will it land D. had it landed

【答案】B

【考点】考查动词的时态。